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PESTEL & SWOT Analysis

PESTEL

Political

- Government intervention in the construction industry = new incentives for redevelopment and regeneration of housing frameworks means that there is more large scale master planning opportunities and community based projects. This will lead to the business receiving more commissions and therefore more revenue.
- Changes in building regulations means that policies such as CfSH can change (See Environmental)
- A rise in tax suggests that the office equiptment we buy will become more expensive. As this is a running cost, it will lead to less profit due to a higher amount of overheads.
- Government may introduce new policies/incentives to try and entice more construction companies to become sustainable and environmentally friendly. This may lead to a higher reputation for our brand and therefore more potential clients.
- A higher tax rate will mean that we may have to charge more to receive the same amount of profit per annum, which means that clients may be less interested in doing business with us. 
- If trade tax policy changes, it will encourage us to use locally sourced materials, which will in turn benefit our expenses and the local ecomonmy with less air miles resulting in less pollution which means our company will labelled as being more ethical.

Economic

- Higher rates of software will mean a higher annual expenditure which will lead to more overheads and less profit
- Hardware may be more expensive should we wish to add it to our practice in the future. It should be taken into consideration that this will be a one-off payment so is not included in the running costs.
- Utility bills/Rent may rise, which will result in more overheads and less profit
- Office supplies (running costs) will rise, resulting in less profit
- Development incentives will result in a higher chance of survival in our business. 
- If there is a big fall in the market, chances are that the business will suffer in terms of profit. This may result in insolvency, because of a lack of revenue due to less commissions. 
- If we get a bank loan, it must be considered that we have to pay the full loan amount + interest. The interest rate may rise or fall depending on the ecomony so this must be taken into account. 
- Material costs will rise which means that overheads will increase resulting in less profit for the business.
- If we choose to expand the business, we must make sure that sufficient finances are available and that this has been pre-calculated.
- We will aim to use below-the-line promotion, which is targeted and localised (Newspaper/Journal adverts) as this is more relevant and cheaper than above-the-line promotion (TV/Radio) which is for the mass media.

Social

- A growing population in general will lead to a higher demand for housing developments which will lead to a higher level of commissions, resulting in higher levels of income
- A higher aging population means redevelopments must adapt to a less mobile demographic, which will lead to new-age commissions and more creative housing ideas.
- The ever-rising life expectancy will also lead to more demand for housing developments and therefore more commissions will be available from local authorities. 
- A higher need for unplanned gatherings in the community will lead to more expectation of social and communal areas, which leads to more projects and commissions for our business. 
- With more concern on general health and well-being, there will be a higher need for external spaces within the community. This will lead to more commissions for social purposes and therefore more profit for our business.
- As a business, we must consider and respect different attitudes towards different cultures and their customs. 
- Must be considered how ever-growing technology will affect social and communal behaviour within neighbourhoods.

Technological

- Using locally sourced materials will generally be cheaper and better for the environment, which will result us being more ethical and getting a better reputation. 
- In the future, there will less of a need for printing and therefore less raw materials will be used, everything will be sent electronicaly. This will lead to costs for equipment such as plotters and paper going down, so less overheads will result in more profit for the business.
- Software will be constantly updated, we need to consider this on a licence-basis, for example AutoCAD will be renewed every 3 years, and all other licences will be paid monthly; this needs to be considered in terms of the cash flow of the business.
- Keep up to date with developments in techonology to make sure the business stays relevant. 
​- Stay up to date with social media and new ways of communication with the target market to ensure online presence

Environmental

- Changes in policies such as Code for Sustainable Homes will result in our business trying to use new materials in order to improve the building performance and the energy ratings which will lead to more sustainable buildings and us building a better brand for our company.
- Timber/Paper are non-renewable resources, this must be considered at all times of hte design process and also for running costs; we must make sure we use less of these resources to try and become a more environmentally friendly company.
- New government policies will pressure architectural companies to reduce their  carbon footprint, resulting a better ethical reputation for the business.
- One of our primary aims as a business is to encourage regeneration redevelopment instead of demolishing and rebuilding, this will make construction quicker and cheaper and will use less materials, therefore being a more viable environmental solution for the business.
- Our practice will consume a lot of energy, using computers and printers everyday uses a lot of electricity so a sustainable source of energy such as solar panels or photovoltaic panels could be considered to make our business more environmentally friendly. This will also lead to lower energy costs and result in a higher proftit margin for the business. 
- Throughout projects, we will aim to promote environmental and sustainable issues to show clients that we want to raise awareness of these issues. This lead to a better brand and a higher reputation for the business.

Legal

- Make sure everyone in the office knows of the health and safety procedures.
- Ensure we provide equal opportunities to all members of the community that we are working with. This will lead to a better brand and a higher reputation.
- Ensure that we do not false advertise. If we do this could result in damage to our reputation and brand which would result in less commissions and less revenue
- We must comply with the ARB and RIBA Codes of Conduct to ensure professionalism and quality within our business.
- We must ensure that other architects work that we use is referenced properly and that we do not plagiarise their drawings/information. We must make sure that ours as well as other practices intellectual property is protected. 

SWOT Analysis

Strengths

- We are located in the city centre, which means we are easily accessible by the local community and are near to the Nottingham Train Line, bus and car access is easy too.
- All partners have experience in the community architecture field.
- Because our client is the local authorities, we can involve the local community within our designs to make them more personal.
- Because of this, our reputation with the local community is good and the bond is strong.
- We are competent in the software we use through years of expertise in this field.
- We have exceptional networking and social skills to be able to decipher what the local community really needs. 

Weaknesses

- As we are a start up company, this means we are limited in terms of project size and financial potential.
- We only have 4 members of staff to begin with, this means we are limited with the amount of work we can produce in a certain time frame.
- Limited facilities due to money constraints, means we will produce slightly lower quality in start up.
- Being a new company, we are not known at all in the field and therefore dont have any clientele. 
- Community architecture is a fairly narrow field, so there is a limited amount of commissions that we can get. 
- Because we are all Nottingham based, if we get commissions from other local communities, it will take time to get to know them and understand what they want.

Opportunities

- We will have the opportunity to collaborate with other professionals within our industry 
- We also have the opportunity to work with non-professionals from the community to gain a different insight into projects.
- We have the opportunity to expand into different markets, to complete master planning and other large scale projects.
- We have opportunities to work with lots of people from different architectural sectors, such as landscaping or engineering.
- To build our reputation and brand through entering local competitions, braching out to nationwide and even through Europe. 

Threats

- We are a start up business so survival is our main goal. 
- There is a lot of competion in Nottingham regarding architectural firms. 
- Government policies are always changing so we must make sure we keep up with legislation to avoid being fined.
- If there are fluctuations in the stock market we are vulnerable to rising interest rates and recession possibilities.
- Unforseeable circumstances.​

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